While no one can predict exactly who will develop breast cancer, there are ways to help protect yourself. Read on for specific, simple steps to help lower your breast cancer risk and detect early signs of the disease.
Who is at risk?
Women who are older. A woman over age 60 is at greatest risk. The disease is very uncommon before menopause.
Women with a family history of breast cancer. Women face a greater threat if their mother, sister or daughter had breast cancer, especially before age 40.
Not having children or having a first child after age 30 increases the risk. Women who had their first menstrual period before age 12 or went through menopause after age 55 are more likely to develop the disease.
Women who become obese after menopause.
Menopausal hormone therapy also increases the risk.
Women who are physically inactive throughout life appear to have an increased risk of breast cancer. Being physically active may help to reduce the risk by preventing weight gain and obesity.
Women who drink alcohol. Some studies suggest that the more alcoholic beverages a woman drinks, the greater her risk of breast cancer.
Symptoms
A lump or thickening in or near the breast or in the underarm area. Soft, round, moveable lumps are likely to be benign. Hard, oddly shaped, firmly attached lumps are more likely to be cancerous.
Nipple tenderness
A change in the size or shape of the breast
Nipple turns inward into the breast
Skin redness, scaliness
Ridges or dimpling like the skin of an orange
Fluid discharge
Reduce your risk
Exercise regularly. Walk, swim, garden, dance or ride your bike. Use the stairs.
Maintain a healthy weight. The risk of post-menopausal breast cancer increases with obesity.
Drink alcohol in moderation. Women should have no more than one drink a day.
Eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables a day.
Quit smoking. If you dont smoke, dont start.
Have your breast cancer risk assessed. Talk to your doctor about taking tamoxifen if youre considered at high risk.
Source: American Institute of Cancer Research