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Rép. Dominicaine. Les migrants Haïtiens sont privés des droits les plus élémentaires

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Published by bana2166- 03-21-07
news Rép. Dominicaine. Les migrants Haïtiens sont privés des droits les plus élémentaires

République Dominicaine. Les migrants haïtiens sont privés des droits les plus élémentaires
21 mars 2007
(Saint-Domingue) La discrimination raciale fortement ancrée dont sont victimes les migrants haïtiens vivant en République dominicaine conduit à des expulsions arbitraires massives et à la privation d’acte de naissance pour des milliers d’enfants, selon une nouvelle étude publiée par Amnesty International à l’occasion de la Journée internationale pour l’élimination de la discrimination raciale.
« Du lieu de travail jusque dans la rue, les migrants haïtiens qui vivent en République dominicaine sont confinés en bas de l’échelle sociale, a déclaré Gerardo Ducos, chargé des recherches sur les Caraïbes au sein d’Amnesty International. Eux et leurs enfants nés en République dominicaine sont privés des droits les plus élémentaires aux yeux de la société et de l’État dominicains ».
Au moins un demi-million d’Haïtiens vivent en République dominicaine où ils travaillent principalement dans l’agriculture et le bâtiment. Fuyant la pauvreté dans leur pays, ils acceptent des emplois mal rémunérés et pénibles.
Entre 20 000 et 30 000 Haïtiens sont expulsés de République dominicaine chaque année, dans la plupart des cas en dehors de tout cadre juridique.
Les expulsions sont tellement arbitraires que même des Dominicains ont été expulsés de leur propre pays parce qu’ils avaient « l’air d’être des Haïtiens ».
Le 4 janvier 2006, Mathilde, une fillette de huit ans, a été arrêtée dans la rue à Saint-Domingue par des agents qui l’ont giflée à deux reprises, au point qu’elle avait la bouche qui saignait. Elle a passé toute la nuit dans un centre de détention pour migrants en situation irrégulière, sans pouvoir prévenir ses parents. La fillette a échappé de justesse à une expulsion en Haïti grâce à l’intervention d’une organisation locale de défense des droits humains qui a apporté la preuve qu’elle était dominicaine. La fillette étant noire, les agents avaient présumé qu’elle était haïtienne et qu’elle se trouvait illégalement dans le pays.
Le rapport d’Amnesty International montre également que la discrimination raciale empêche les Dominicains d’origine haïtienne d’obtenir un certificat de naissance. Sans acte de naissance, les Dominicains d’origine haïtienne ne peuvent pas entrer dans l’enseignement secondaire ; ne pouvant pas demander de carte d’identité lorsqu’ils ont dix-huit ans, ils n’ont pas non plus accès au marché de l’emploi et ne peuvent pas voter.
Eduardo est né en République dominicaine. Il a quarante-deux ans mais n’a pas de certificat de naissance ni aucun papier d’identité parce que ses parents sont haïtiens. Ses quatre enfants n’ont pas non plus de papiers, bien qu’ils soient nés en République dominicaine. Pour demander un certificat de naissance, Eduardo devrait verser 147 dollars des États-Unis, soit plus du revenu mensuel de la famille, sachant que le gouvernement pourrait même alors ne pas lui accorder de papiers d’identité.
« La République dominicaine doit faire quelque chose pour protéger les droits des migrants haïtiens et de leurs enfants dominicains, a déclaré Gerardo Ducos. Cela relève de sa responsabilité légale. »
Amnesty International a demandé aux autorités dominicaines de mettre fin aux expulsions arbitraires de migrants haïtiens et aux politiques discriminatoires qui empêchent les Dominicains d’origine haïtienne d’obtenir la nationalité dominicaine.
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By bana2166 on 03-21-07, 12:29 PM
news Amnesty Intern.: Dominican Republic violates international law with abuse of Haitians

Amnesty International: Dominican Republic violates international law with abuse of Haitians
Wednesday, March 21, 2007
SANTO DOMINGO, Dominican Republic: A major human rights group on Wednesday accused the Dominican Republic of systematically mistreating Haitian migrants who cross the border fleeing violence and seeking economic opportunity.
In a 58-page report, Amnesty International said immigration raids and government-sanctioned discrimination against Haitian migrants, many of whom are illegal, violated both United Nations conventions and international court rulings.
The Dominican foreign ministry declined comment, saying government officials were still reviewing the London-based group's findings.
Haitians in the neighboring Dominican Republic face discrimination, violence from private citizens and authorities and deportation without trial, according to the group's report, which was written by two investigators who visited the capital of Santo Domingo, border towns and migrant settlements last year.
An estimated 500,000 to 1 million ethnic Haitians live in the Dominican Republic, many in isolated slums bordering cane fields. The two nations share the island of Hispaniola, and tense relations over the 362-kilometer (225-mile) border have often erupted in violence.
Though the migration issues stretch back generations and have been the subject of court cases and diplomatic efforts, the rights group hopes its findings will spur action by the Dominican government, other countries and bodies like the Organization of American States.
"Now there should be an attempt by diplomatic means. We hope this report creates momentum," said investigator Gerardo Ducos, Amnesty International researcher on Haiti, the Dominican Republic and Cuba.
Haiti has been plagued by poverty, violence and political instability and Haitian migrants see its eastern neighbor, with a population of 9.2 million, as a comparative land of opportunity — even though many are exploited as cheap labor in agriculture and construction.
Amnesty investigators called for careful legal deportation procedures to replace mass repatriations of Haitians, which they say round up as many as 30,000 people each year in raids so swift and indiscriminate they sometimes ensnare darker-skinned Dominican nationals.
The report alleges some of the worst abuses occurred during a 2005 operation, when immigration police rounded up 2,000 people following the killing of a shopkeeper, allegedly by two Haitian migrants.
Migrants reported being packed into trucks and vans, separated from their families and robbed of money, cell phones and other items before being driven hours without food or water to the border. President Leonel Fernandez condemned the police actions at the time.
The Amnesty report also urged the Dominican government to comply with a 2005 ruling by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights to grant citizenship to the Dominican-born children of Haitian migrants who are often classified as "foreigners in transit."
Fernandez recently said he has no intention of changing the policy..
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By bana2166 on 03-21-07, 06:37 PM
news Dominican Republic: Haitian migrants denied basic rights

Dominican Republic: Haitian migrants denied basic rights
press release, 03/21/2007
(Santo Domingo) Deep-rooted racial discrimination against Haitian migrants living in the Dominican Republic is causing arbitrary mass deportations and the denial of birth certificates to thousands of children, according to a new study published by Amnesty International on International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
“From the workplace to the streets, Haitian migrants living in the Dominican Republic are at the very bottom of the social ladder. They and their Dominican-born children are being denied the most basic rights before the eyes of the Dominican state and society,” said Gerardo Ducos, Amnesty International researcher on the Caribbean.
At least half a million Haitians live in the Dominican Republic, working in the agriculture and construction sectors. Fleeing the poverty of their homeland, they undertake poorly paid and arduous jobs.
Between 20,000 and 30,000 Haitians are expelled from the Dominican Republic every year, in most cases, without any judicial oversight.
Deportations are so arbitrary that even Dominican nationals have been expelled from their own country because they “look like Haitians”.
On 4 January 2006, Matilde, an 8-year-old girl, was seized by officials in the streets of Santo Domingo. She was slapped across the face twice, hard enough to make her mouth bleed. She was then taken to a detention centre for irregular migrants, without being allowed to contact her parents, and held overnight. She was only saved from being expelled to neighbouring Haiti when a local human rights organization proved she was a Dominican national. Officials had assumed she was Haitian and in the country without legal permission because she was black.
Amnesty International’s report also revealed that racial discrimination prevents Dominicans of Haitian descent from obtaining birth certificates. Without a birth certificate, Dominicans of Haitian descent are unable to study beyond primary level or claim an identity card when they become 18, barring them from the formal job market and from voting.
Eduardo was born in the Dominican Republic. He is 42 years old but doesn’t have a birth certificate or any form of identification because his parents are Haitians. His four children also lack any form of identification, despite having been born in the Dominican Republic. For Eduardo to even apply for a birth certificate he would have to pay a fee of US$ 147 – more than a month of the family’s income – but even then the government could refuse to give him one.
“The Dominican Republic must take action to protect the rights of Haitian migrants and their Dominican children. It is their legal responsibility to do so,” said Gerardo Ducos.
Amnesty International called on the Dominican authorities to end arbitrary expulsions of Haitian migrants and discriminatory policies that prevent Dominicans of Haitian descent from obtaining Dominican nationality.
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